The electrical drive system model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is the cornerstone of achieving high-performance motor control. From a deep understanding of the fundamental principles of PMSMs to constructing accurate mathematical models and designing efficient control strategies, every step is crucial. With the continuous development of power electronics technology, control theory, and computing power, the PMSM electrical drive system model will become more complete, its control performance will be further improved, and its applications in various fields will become more widespread and in-depth, contributing to the future development of green energy and intelligent manufacturing.
The core of a PMSM is the stator winding and the permanent magnet rotor. When the stator winding is energized, it generates a rotating magnetic field, which interacts with the magnetic field of the rotor's permanent magnets to produce electromagnetic torque that drives the rotor to rotate. Based on the installation method of the rotor's permanent magnets, PMSMs can be divided into surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs) and internally mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs). In SPMSM, the permanent magnets are directly attached to the rotor surface, and their d-axis and q-axis inductances are approximately equal. In contrast, in IPMSM, the permanent magnets are embedded inside the rotor, and the reluctance effect causes the d-axis and q-axis inductances to be unequal, thereby generating reluctance torque and further improving motor performance.